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when energy is added to an electron in the lowest energy state (the ground state) and it jumps to a vacant orbital of slightly higher energy in the atom
the standard hydrogen half-cell to which all other half-cells have been compared when...
a solid network of atoms making up a large crystal with covalent bonds between the atoms.
a solution to which a little base has been added to a lot of water.
one reactant loses electrons and another gains electrons